El Comité Olímpico Internacional frente a dilemas éticos, políticos y deportivos contemporáneos: Una revisión sistemática

The International Olympic Committee and Contemporary Ethical, Political, and Sporting Dilemmas: A Systematic Review

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Introducción: El Comité Olímpico Internacional (COI) enfrenta tensiones entre presiones geopolíticas, demandas éticas y expectativas deportivas, configurando dilemas complejos en su gobernanza. Objetivo: Sintetizar los principales dilemas éticos, políticos y deportivos del COI entre 2019 y 2026. Metodología: Se realizó una revisión sistemática siguiendo PRISMA, con búsqueda en Web of Science, Scopus, SciELO y Dialnet. Se emplearon descriptores booleanos relacionados con gobernanza, neutralidad política, derechos humanos, ética deportiva y bioética. Se incluyeron estudios empíricos y artículos arbitrados en español o inglés, excluyendo editoriales, opiniones, tesis no arbitradas y literatura gris. Tras cribado se seleccionaron 23 artículos. Resultados: Se identificaron tres categorías de dilemas: (1) tensiones en la gobernanza multiactor; (2) contradicciones entre la neutralidad política y la protección de derechos humanos; y (3) desafíos bioéticos, incluyendo libertad de expresión e inclusión de mujeres trans en competencias deportivas. Conclusiones: El COI requiere una gobernanza ética integral que vaya más allá de la retórica superficial, abordando de manera efectiva los conflictos entre sus objetivos deportivos, compromisos éticos y presiones geopolíticas. Se recomienda reforzar mecanismos de transparencia, participación inclusiva y criterios bioéticos claros para garantizar decisiones coherentes con los valores olímpicos.
Introduction: The International Olympic Committee (IOC) faces escalating tensions between geopolitical pressures, ethical demands, and sporting expectations, framing complex dilemmas within its governance framework. Objective: This study aims to synthesize the predominant ethical, political, and sporting dilemmas encountered by the IOC between 2019 and 2026. Methodology: A systematic review was conducted following the PRISMA guidelines. The search encompassed Web of Science, Scopus, SciELO, and Dialnet, utilizing Boolean operators related to governance, political neutrality, human rights, sports ethics, and bioethics. Inclusion criteria comprised empirical studies and peer-reviewed articles in Spanish or English; editorials, opinion pieces, non-peer-reviewed theses, and gray literature were excluded. Following the screening process, 23 articles were selected for analysis. Results: Three primary categories of dilemmas were identified: (1) tensions in multi-stakeholder governance; (2) contradictions between political neutrality and the protection of human rights; and (3) bioethical challenges, including freedom of expression and the inclusion of transgender women in sports competitions. Conclusions: The IOC requires a comprehensive ethical governance model that transcends superficial rhetoric, effectively addressing the conflicts between its sporting objectives, ethical commitments, and geopolitical pressures. It is recommended that transparency mechanisms, inclusive participation, and clear bioethical criteria be strengthened to ensure decision-making processes remain consistent with Olympic values.

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Rosario Rodríguez, J. L. (2026). El Comité Olímpico Internacional frente a dilemas éticos, políticos y deportivos contemporáneos: Una revisión sistemática. Revista Tribunal, 6(16), 1-17. https://doi.org/10.59659/revistatribunal.v6i16.496
Número
Vol. 6 Núm. 16 (2026): Tribunal. Revista en Ciencias de la Educación y Ciencias Jurídicas. Julio – Septiembre 2026
Sección
Artículos de Revisión
Creative Commons License

Esta obra está bajo una licencia internacional Creative Commons Atribución-NoComercial-CompartirIgual 4.0.

Cómo citar

Rosario Rodríguez, J. L. (2026). El Comité Olímpico Internacional frente a dilemas éticos, políticos y deportivos contemporáneos: Una revisión sistemática. Revista Tribunal, 6(16), 1-17. https://doi.org/10.59659/revistatribunal.v6i16.496

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