Aplicación de pruebas rápidas de antígeno prostático específico en la investigación forense de delitos contra la libertad sexual

Application of Rapid Prostate-Specific Antigen Tests in the Forensic Investigation of Crimes Against Sexual Freedom

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Introducción: La identificación de material seminal constituye un procedimiento relevante en la investigación forense de delitos contra la libertad sexual, especialmente cuando se requiere establecer la presencia de antígeno prostático específico (PSA) en muestras biológicas. La disponibilidad de pruebas inmunocromatográficas clínicas puede contribuir al procesamiento oportuno de evidencias, siempre que se conozcan sus características operativas y concordancia con métodos forenses. Objetivo: Evaluar la concordancia y las características operativas de tres pruebas inmunocromatográficas clínicas de PSA (ECOTEST, CTK-BIOTECH y MONTEST) respecto de la prueba forense BLUESTAR Identi-PSA en hisopados vaginales. Metodología: Se realizó un estudio observacional, transversal y de concordancia. La muestra estuvo conformada por 50 eluatos institucionales procedentes de la Unidad Médico Legal II Lima Este del Perú, correspondientes al periodo 2021-2022. Las muestras fueron procesadas mediante lectura ciega y se compararon los resultados obtenidos con las tres pruebas clínicas y la prueba forense de referencia. Resultados: Las tres pruebas clínicas coincidieron con la prueba forense en 29 resultados reactivos y 21 no reactivos. Se obtuvieron valores de sensibilidad y especificidad del 100 %, con un coeficiente kappa de 1,00. Asimismo, se identificó un margen máximo de error cercano al 10 % y 14 %. No obstante, se observaron diferencias en la equivalencia analítica dentro del intervalo de concentración de 3 a 4 ng/ml. Conclusiones: Las pruebas inmunocromatográficas evaluadas presentan concordancia operativa con BLUESTAR Identi-PSA cuando la presencia o ausencia de PSA se manifiesta claramente. Sin embargo, los resultados deben interpretarse con cautela en concentraciones próximas a 3-4 ng/ml, donde la concordancia operativa no implica necesariamente equivalencia analítica.
Introduction: The identification of seminal material constitutes a relevant procedure in the forensic investigation of crimes against sexual freedom, particularly when the presence of prostate-specific antigen (PSA) in biological samples must be established. The availability of clinical immunochromatographic tests may facilitate the timely processing of evidence, provided that their operational characteristics and concordance with forensic methods are properly established. Objective: To evaluate the concordance and operational characteristics of three clinical immunochromatographic PSA tests (ECOTEST, CTK-BIOTECH, and MONTEST) compared with the BLUESTAR Identi-PSA forensic test in vaginal swab samples. Methodology: An observational, cross-sectional concordance study was conducted. The sample consisted of 50 institutional eluates obtained from the Unidad Médico Legal II Lima Este in Peru, corresponding to the 2021-2022 period. The samples were processed using blinded readings, and the results obtained with the three clinical tests were compared with those of the forensic reference test. Results: The three clinical tests showed complete agreement with the forensic test, with 29 reactive and 21 non-reactive results. Sensitivity and specificity values of 100% were obtained, with a kappa coefficient of 1.00. A maximum margin of error of approximately 10% to 14% was also identified. However, differences in analytical equivalence were observed within the concentration range of 3-4 ng/mL. Conclusions: The immunochromatographic tests evaluated demonstrated operational concordance with BLUESTAR Identi-PSA when the presence or absence of PSA was clearly established. However, the results should be interpreted cautiously at concentrations close to 3-4 ng/mL, where operational concordance does not necessarily imply analytical equivalence.

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Mauricio Olivera, J. A., Chávez Montenegro, V. E., Villacrez Torrejón, M. del R., & Licla Pariona, J. V. (2026). Aplicación de pruebas rápidas de antígeno prostático específico en la investigación forense de delitos contra la libertad sexual. Revista Tribunal, 6(17), 1-15. https://doi.org/10.59659/revistatribunal.v6i17.569
Número
Vol. 6 Núm. 17 (2026): Tribunal. Revista en Ciencias de la Educación y Ciencias Jurídicas. Octubre – Diciembre 2026
Sección
Artículos de Investigación
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Esta obra está bajo una licencia internacional Creative Commons Atribución-NoComercial-CompartirIgual 4.0.

Cómo citar

Mauricio Olivera, J. A., Chávez Montenegro, V. E., Villacrez Torrejón, M. del R., & Licla Pariona, J. V. (2026). Aplicación de pruebas rápidas de antígeno prostático específico en la investigación forense de delitos contra la libertad sexual. Revista Tribunal, 6(17), 1-15. https://doi.org/10.59659/revistatribunal.v6i17.569

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