Realidad virtual como herramienta para la enseñanza activa y el aprendizaje experiencial. Una revisión sistemática
Virtual reality as a tool for active teaching and experiential learning: a systematic reviewContenido principal del artículo
La realidad virtual (RV) ha emergido como una herramienta innovadora en la educación, facilitando la enseñanza activa y el aprendizaje experiencial. El artículo tiene como objetivo evaluar la efectividad de la RV en la enseñanza activa y el aprendizaje experiencial, identificando sus beneficios, limitaciones y factores determinantes en el ámbito educativo. Se realizó una revisión sistemática siguiendo la metodología PRISMA. Se consultaron bases de datos como PubMed, Scopus y Web of Science (2010-2025). Se incluyeron estudios empíricos (ensayos clínicos, observacionales) sobre el impacto de la RV en el aprendizaje. La calidad metodológica se evaluó con ROB-2 y Newcastle-Ottawa. De 1,200 estudios identificados, 85 cumplieron los criterios de inclusión. Fueron seleccionados 22 artículos para la revisión sistemática. Los hallazgos indicaron que la RV mejora la retención de información, la motivación y la comprensión conceptual frente a métodos tradicionales. Se concluye que la RV potencia el aprendizaje experiencial y la enseñanza interactiva. Se requieren estudios adicionales para evaluar su accesibilidad y sostenibilidad en distintos contextos educativos.
Virtual reality (VR) has emerged as an innovative tool in education, facilitating active teaching and experiential learning. This article aims to evaluate the effectiveness of VR in active teaching and experiential learning, identifying its benefits, limitations, and determining factors in the educational field. A systematic review was conducted following the PRISMA methodology. Databases such as PubMed, Scopus, and Web of Science (2010–2025) were consulted. Empirical studies (clinical trials, observational studies) on the impact of VR on learning were included. Methodological quality was assessed using ROB-2 and Newcastle-Ottawa. Of 1,200 studies identified, 85 met the inclusion criteria. Twenty-two articles were selected for the systematic review. The findings indicated that VR improves information retention, motivation, and conceptual understanding compared to traditional methods. It is concluded that VR enhances experiential learning and interactive teaching. Additional studies are needed to assess its accessibility and sustainability in different educational contexts.
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