Cuando el juego deja de ser juego: una revisión sistemática sobre la adicción a los videojuegos en adolescentes
When gaming ceases to be a game: a systematic review of video game addiction in adolescentsContenido principal del artículo
Esta revisión analiza la problemática que representa la adicción a los videojuegos en la adolescencia, con el objetivo de sintetizar evidencias sobre su prevalencia, factores de riesgo, y consecuencias. El alcance es amplio, abarcando artículos empíricos publicados entre 2020 y 2025 en inglés, español y portugués, seleccionados de bases de datos como Scopus, Web of Science, PubMed y SciELO. La metodología alcanza el protocolo PRISMA 2020, muestreando intencionalmente 28 estudios, evaluando la calidad y realizando la síntesis narrativa. Los resultados muestran una prevalencia aproximada del 8-10% a la que se asocian variables como depresión, ansiedad, disfunciones familiares, aislamiento social como consecuencia del empeoramiento de conducta por la pandemia. Se concluye que la problemática de la adicción a los videojuegos en adolescentes es un trastorna de etiología compleja, que acarrea efectos muy graves y que atraviesan esferas diferenciadas de la vida.
This review analyzes the problem of video game addiction in adolescence, aiming to synthesize evidence on its prevalence, risk factors, and consequences. The scope is broad, encompassing empirical articles published between 2020 and 2025 in English, Spanish, and Portuguese, selected from databases such as Scopus, Web of Science, PubMed, and SciELO. The methodology follows the PRISMA 2020 protocol, intentionally sampling 28 studies, assessing their quality, and performing a narrative synthesis. The results show an approximate prevalence of 8-10%, associated with variables such as depression, anxiety, family dysfunction, and social isolation as a consequence of worsened behavior due to the pandemic. It is concluded that video game addiction in adolescents is a disorder of complex etiology, with very serious effects that permeate different areas of life.
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